Understanding Transformers

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We must establish some basic principles tension before growing in Transformers. What is the current, voltage or load? Imagine a man hauling a wagon uphill. The voltage (V) is the man (120V). Current (Amps) is how much work he has to do to get up the hill (2amps) and the trailer load (a motor of some sort). Or perhaps the man is a friend create them both (240V) with both of them working together and they do less work (1amp) load stay the same (motor of any kind).

What transformer do? Transformers would lead ignition. They take action and either step down voltage, step voltage up or isolate the tension in one area from another. So why is it so important to manage this tension. Take for example the local power company. It uses a step-up transformer to provide high voltage power lines that creates a low amperage. Then, before entering the home or local companies step voltage back down the voltage coming to is not too high.

What parts make up transformer? A transformer is made up of three parts; The laminated iron core, primary and secondary windings. The primary winding is connected to the power entering the transformer (input voltage). Secondary winding is connected where the power is going to (output voltage). The laminated core is used to separate the primary and rolls from having any physical relationship.

So how transformers work? There are no moving parts of the transformer, instead of using a transformer stimulation to pass power from the primary winding to the secondary winding. An easy way to understand what it uses electromagnetic induction to take the voltage from the primary winding and move it to the secondary winding. We control stimulation with a turn rate.

What is the turn rate? A return rate is the relationship between the primary and the secondary winding. If it was in 120V transformer and 24 volt leave the transformer. Tension us would be stepping down with 5/1 turn rate. Simple math is used to calculate this; voltage coming / leaving voltage transformer. With 120/24 you would have 5/1 ration.

How do you size transformer? You size transformer secondary winding of the transformer. Secondary winding is rated in VA (volt times amperage). An example of this would be to have a 24v control circuit that capacity is 2amps. You would take your tension (24V) and multiply it by the maximum amperage you (2amps) that would be 24 times 2, which corresponds to 48 or 48 Va. This means you would need a transformer ratio 48va.

Do transformers need to be serviced? No, no moving parts there is no maintenance required. When the transformer has been ill, generally show the primary windings, it will need to be replaced. Some transformers come with a CD fuse link or security. If the transformer has been tripped or has gone bad, it is a general rule for a source causing problems. A bad transformer is never a “problem” only symptoms of the real problem.

What are the different types of transformers? There are many types of transformers which you will see in the field; step up, step down, isolated, multi tap and auto transformers. There are also other forms, a three-phase transformer, the transformer became more excitement to enter the commercial building. The general rule is the most common type of transformer you will see is a step-down transformer (ignition).

What is the difference between these types of voltage? Step up Transformers take the primary winding and step up the voltage for the secondary winding. Step Down Transformers take the primary winding and step down the voltage on the secondary winding. Isolation Transformers have the same voltage in the primary and secondary. A multi tap transformer is a step up or down transformer that has multi taps either the primary winding or secondary winding. An autotransformer is a special type of transformer that do not follow the general rules of Transformers. It uses a continuous winding is tapped to provide a step-down or step-up function.

Transformers play a key role in the AC power system. They are a way to control voltage. There is no maintenance required AC power though they are excellent indicators of problems. Understand the terms and rules is the key to troubleshooting and design circuitry.

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